Essay on Behaviorism Modern Applications - 1240 Words

Behaviorism is the study of human behavior and is based on the belief that all human behavior is learned. Behaviorism evolved during the 19th century and took hold in the early years of the 20th century. Notable behaviorists include Albert Bandura, Ivan Pavlov, B.F. Skinner, Edward Lee Thorndike, Edward C. Tolman, and John B. Watson. These men opposed the study of consciousness believing that psychology should instead focus on only what could be seen, heard, or touched. The result was a science of behavior that viewed human beings as machines (Schultz Schultz, 2008). This paper offers a discussion of the evolution of behaviorism, the contributions of Albert Bandura, and the impact of behaviorism on modern psychology and life in the 21st†¦show more content†¦He received his bachelor’s degree in Psychology from the University of British Columbia in 1949. He then continued on to the University of Iowa, where he received his Ph. D. in 1952. In 1953 he accepted a teaching position at Stanford and continues on there still today. The concepts brought forth by Bandura that will be addressed are observational learning and self-efficacy, Observational Learning: A condition in which learning takes place by watching the actions of others (Schacter, Gilbert, Wegner, 2009). In this process, learning occurs when individuals observe and imitate others’ behavior. In 1961 Bandura joined up with Dorrie and Sheila Ross with their now famous experiment with the Bobo doll to see how learning was related to aggression. At the time, thoughts of aggression in children were subject by â€Å"the Freudian view that such behavior was the product of intrapsychic forces operating largely unconsciously. Students’ aggression on the playground or in school was seen as a recurring expression of underlying impulses requiring release in minimally detrimental ways† (Zimmerman Schunk, 2003, p. 440 as cited in Artino, A. r., 2007). Bandura’s findings sug gested that â€Å"observation of cues produced by the behavior of others is one effective means of eliciting certain forms of responses for which the original probability is very low or zero† (Bandura et al., 1961, p.580 as cited in Artino, A. r., 2007). In others words,Show MoreRelatedBehaviorism Was A Slow Revolution1604 Words   |  7 PagesBehaviorism was a slow revolution that proved to become a popular study within psychology that lasted through the second decade of the twentieth century and through the beginning of the cognitive science revolution (Behjamin, 2014). During this time, there had been a vast amount of academic individuals that contributed to the multifaceted studies within the context of behaviorism. 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